Asthma

ABSTRACT

Asthma is a very common disease in Vietnam and worldwide. Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the airways as a result of the interaction between atopic allergy and asthma triggers from the environment. Chronic inflammation has been airway swelling, excessive salivation and bronchial smooth muscle contraction as airway obstruction. 

 

Typical symptoms of asthma include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, tightness in the chest several times repeated, occurs when the body exposed to the factors that cause asthma symptoms such as changing weather, pollen , dust, odor, respiratory viral exposure. Tests help confirm the diagnosis of asthma is up there as test Respiratory ± dilated bronchial stimulation test. Progression of chronic asthma can not be cured completely but can be treated to control the disease thoroughly. Go see a doctor soon to be doctor, Respiratory Measurement sign, anti-inflammatory therapy with inhaled long-term follow-up treatment is the key to successful asthma control.

The common symptoms of asthma when ?

Typical clinical symptoms :

Patients with asthma often have respiratory symptoms have the following characteristics:

+          The symptoms: cough or coughing white mucus phlegm, dyspnea primarily on the exhale, wheezing and tightness in the chest.

+         Features hint: the above symptoms come back up again and always changing. Symptoms vary with time: more night than during the day; more time allocated two rainy seasons - the sun, the cold season. Symptoms vary with exposure to allergens: more after physical activity, exposure to dust, odor pungent, after eating food allergies such as shellfish, marine fish, beef, chicken, when see things melancholy sadness or worry too high. Among the symptomatic phase completely normal patients as many misdiagnosed as neurological disorders or diseases plant "Imagine" by "psychological"

+         The comorbid conditions: contact dermatitis: eczema, rashes; allergic rhinitis: nasal itching, nasal congestion, runny nose; conjunctivitis allergy: itching eyes, red eyes.

Clinical symptoms of asthma varied so GINA (organization and management of asthma worldwide) gave the symptoms suggestive of asthma and advised people to have these symptoms, they must have a doctor to examination and respiration signed definitive diagnosis of asthma:

+         There bouts of recurrent wheezing.

+         There cough at night to wake the patient.

+         There wheezing and cough after physical activity.

+         There wheezing, tightness in the chest or coughing after exposure to airborne allergens such as pollen, strong odors, dust pollution.

+         Flu symptoms "into the lungs," more than 10 days out.

+         The symptoms improve with asthma medication such as bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory steroids.

Clinical symptoms are not typical - especially the clinical possible :

GINA has launched two clinical asthma may not particularly like the typical asthma symptoms in the form of cough and asthma that is triggered asthma after exercise.

+         Asthma, coughs: asthma patients only major coughs sometimes the only symptom is a cough. Asthma is the most common form of cough in children and occurs at night or during the examination that took place during the day can be completely normal. Patients often have visit so many places and was diagnosed with many different diseases, but no response to treatment. To diagnose asthma, coughs need to track changes in respiratory function during the day, assess bronchial response properties and affinity cell counts attempted in negotiations.

+         Asthma after exertion: for some patients with asthma, symptoms appear only after physical exertion. Symptoms typically appear from 5-10 minutes after the end of exertion (very rarely symptoms appear during exertion), patients with typical symptoms of asthma, or sometimes just a million very irritating cough, symptoms will recover naturally after 30-45 minutes. Asthma after exertion can appear in any weather conditions, but the most common is when the motor in cold and dry weather. To diagnose asthma after exertion should be done after signing measuring respiratory effort by the 8-minute test run

Subclinical symptoms :

Respiration is up standard test for diagnosing asthma.

>> Patients need to prepare before measuring respiratory Register

+         Case, respiratory sign indicates airway obstruction with complete recovery after bronchodilator test methods.

+         Where the patient to doctor outside asthma, respiratory measurement can sign completely normal. So if breathing is normal sign does not exclude the diagnosis of asthma.

+         In case of normal respiratory signed, to completely eliminate the diagnosis of asthma need to make up for respiratory measurements do not test specific bronchial stimulation with methacoline or histamine. Negative test results allow the exclusion sure asthma.

+         Where do sign respiratory stimulation test nonspecific bronchial histamine by methacholin or positive, can not exclude the diagnosis of asthma, but also does not allow definitive diagnosis of asthma, this time can be used to treat asthma as a diagnostic measure.

X-ray of asthma completely normal, X-ray tests to help diagnose asthma but does not eliminate the diagnosis of other symptoms such as asthma, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer.

CBC tests may show increased eosinophils evidence for allergic condition of the body.

Examination of skin prick test with the specific allergen, measured the levels of specific IgE antibodies in serum contribute diagnosed atopic sensitization to allergens.